国际货代海运公司是如何节省港口使用费的？

　　港口使用费是天津货代公司成本的主要开销项目之一。有些船公司港口使用费的支出，占总成本的1/4以上，仅次于燃油费和船舶修理费。因此，节约港口使用费，是远洋运输企业为降低运输成本而必须注意的问题。一般来说，船方节约港口使用费的途径可表现在以下几个方面：

　　Port usage fee is one of the main expense items of Tianjin freight forwarding company.Some shipping companies spend more than 1/4 of the total cost on port usage fee,which is second only to fuel and ship repair cost.Therefore,saving port usage fee is an issue that ocean shipping enterprises must pay attention to in order to reduce transportation costs.Generally speaking,the ways to save port usage fee for ship side can be shown in the following aspects.

　　1.船方必须了解和掌握各港各种费目的收费规则，及其费率调整情况。

　　1.The ship side must understand and master the rules of various charges in each port,and its rate adjustment situation.

　　2.船方应十分注意合理安排船舶在港内的各项作业，并做好相应的记录。

　　2.The ship owner should pay great attention to the reasonable arrangement of the ship's operations in the port and make the corresponding records.

　　3.正确掌握船舶进出港时间。应努力争取白天进出港口，因为各国港口领航、拖轮、系解缆等费用，在夜间、节假日都增收附加费。

　　3.Correctly grasp the time of ship entering and leaving the port.You should try your best to get in and out of the port during daytime,because the cost of pilotage,tug and untie in the port of each country is increased by surcharge at night and on holidays.

　　4.船舶进出港前，在可能的条件下，尽可能调平船舶的首、尾吃水，以减少船舶最大吃水。因为有些港口，如日本港口的引航费，是按船舶的总吨位和首、尾最大吃水为准。

　　4.Before the ship enters or leaves the port,level the first and last draught of the ship as much as possible under the possible conditions to reduce the maximum draught of the ship.Because the pilotage fee of some ports,such as Japanese ports,is based on the gross tonnage of the ship and the maximum draught of the first and the last.

　　5.正确地申报船舶吨位。船舶吨税、船舶港务费、灯塔费等都以船舶的吨位为计算依据。对于二层或二层以上全通甲板的船舶，都可在两舷勘绘三角吨位标志，并用大小不同的两种吨位，来替代过去遮蔽甲板船的开闭式吨位。当吨位标志没入水中时，船方应申报大吨位;当吨位标志未没入水中时，船方应申报小吨位。

　　5.Declare the ship's tonnage correctly.Ship's tonnage tax,ship's harbor fee,lighthouse fee,etc.are calculated based on the tonnage of the ship.For ships with two or more full decks,they can survey and paint triangular tonnage marks on both sides and use two different sizes of tonnage to replace the open and closed tonnage that used to cover the deck ships.When the tonnage mark is not in the water,the ship should declare the large tonnage;when the tonnage mark is not in the water,the ship should declare the small tonnage.

　　6.合理地积载货物。争取各货舱同时作业，各舱的装卸时间尽可能取得平衡，以缩短船舶在港时间。

　　6.Reasonable accumulation of cargo.Strive for simultaneous operation of each cargo compartment and balance the loading and unloading time of each compartment as far as possible so as to shorten the ship's time in port.

　　7.及时做好各项准备工作，减少各种待时费。

　　7.Make all preparations in time to reduce all kinds of waiting time charges.

　　8.船方应认真审核和签署各项收费单据，防止不应有的损失。

　　8.The ship side should carefully examine and sign all charge documents to prevent undue losses.